HOMEOSTATIC MED4U

Hello everyone! It's been so many months since I've posted here, and my sincere apologies for keeping my wonderful readers on wait for so long! Had my exams going on, but now I'm finally done with all the exams and yes, finally free and back again! Human bonding - good topic to resume with, right? I hope this post interests you all :) Whether you decide to actually meet your loved ones after a long time, stay in for a night of Netflix with your friends, or just simply call your bestie to have that silly gossip or tell everything that happened in your life recently - all these are just beautiful opportunities to appreciate the bonds and love we have for each other as fellow Homo sapiens. The bonds we form over the course of our lives, however, just don't begin with us - human bonding is as old as humanity itself. A psychology professor once quoted - "We're social animals because we need other people to survive" and I think this statement perfectly makes sen

We all know that for nearly a century, Drosophila melanogaster has been on the focal point of genetics and developmental biology - genetically diverse, can be easily cultured in laboratory conditions, they produce large numbers of externally laid embryos, and of course the major reason being them having a much shorter life cycle. Though humans and fruit flies don't possess similar morphological/anatomical characteristics, it became pretty much well known that most of the fundamental biological processes and pathways that control survival and development are conserved across evolution between these species.  Drosophila genome is 60% homologous to that of humans, and about 75% of the genes responsible for human diseases have homologues in these fruit flies.  Research on Drosophila melanogaster already points to a new anti - cancer breakthrough different from the conventional goal of destroying a tumor. Tumors in fruit flies release a specific chemical that encompass the blood - brai

  It's been really long since I've posted here, as I've been busy with my committee, Youth Leaders in Medicine - Bangalore chapter, boards and ah I'm finally back. I'm back again to quench your scientific thirst with yet another amusing topic for today!  Uncertainty clouds everything and Omicron adds on!  The current data on Omicron is still insufficient to make clear assumptions on the exact nature of this new variant, but some things are pretty much clear about this new strain to analyse and understand its essential meaning. This new strain is sending out a message, loud and clear - this virus is capable of far more variations than what was thought possible and it will keep coming back to haunt us again and again. If we see from an evolutionary perspective, Omicron was something which was expected and not anything unexpected. We all know that coronaviruses have adapted to develop several strategies to continue their replication and to infect and reinfect several s

  Well, this is a very interesting topic to discuss about - How did they anaesthetise people before anaesthesia? I was just wondering about this since a few days, and after research and deep thinking, I'm here for you with yet another interesting episode write up on the mind blowing medical era before anaesthesia ! From my perspective, of all the milestones and achievements, conquering pain must be one of the very few that has potentially affected every human being in the world. One name that stands out amongst all the others when the topic of discovery of modern anaesthesia comes into play is William T.G. Mortan. Dr. Morton, a young dentist had been in search for a better agent used by many dentists - nitrous oxide. Dr. Mortan along with John Collins Warren, a renowned surgeon, made history on October 16, 1846 with the first successful surgical procedure performed with anaesthesia. Dr. Mortan had single handedly proven to the world that ether is a gas that when inhaled in the prop

  So, one of my friends asked me this brilliant curious question one day - Instead of a sperm fertilising an egg, can an egg fertilise another egg? So, this post is mainly for her and many other inquisitive people out there wondering similar things. I have been having so many thoughts on this and the following is a small gist of my thoughts penned down.  So let's say one were to take an egg, insert the DNA from another egg, and then insert centrosomes from another cell, is it possible for the cell to divide? Well, probably we might have to give it a mild electric shock. This is what is done in some cloning techniques. I mean, of course, there is no guarantee that this method is bound to work, but probably it might work?  Replication can be done in the lab too but the issue is that there is not much understanding about gene regulation and reproduction. Most of us know about Dolly, the sheep which was the first mammal to be cloned, using the diploid nucleus from an adult tissue. Here

There are so many misconceptions about blood cancer. It is usually thought that blood cancers are very rare, which can occur only in old people, are incurable and are always fatal, etc. This isn't what it is and today, May 28th 2021, I take up this wonderful opportunity to clear some of the common misconceptions about blood cancer. Firstly, any cancer, here blood cancer, is not a single entity but one that comprises a wide group of cancers. Now coming to the most common misconception that it can occur only in old people. No, this isn't true. Blood cancers can occur in all age groups from newborns to the weak and elderly. Well, genetics also can play an important role in the inheritance of these cancers. It's not directly that these cancers have the capability of getting inherited from one generation to the next. Some genetically inherited diseases increase the risk of blood cancers, especially in the younger ages. There is no exact cause in most cases for such cancers. Chil

  We all very well know that the second wave of COVID - 19 with its double/triple mutants (not only these but many more variants are being reported) are evolving with a motive of evading human immune responses, spreading like wildfire today, with few cases being asymptomatic to cases having totally different symptoms than the ones which the first wave taught us. The public are understandably eager to know what the future will hold with the cases surging in rapid fire. So first of all what is a mutation? A mutation is a change in a genetic sequence. Mutations occur in nucleotides, which are the basic substances that make up RNA and DNA. The amino acid sequence is determined by the sequence of these nucleotides in RNA and DNA. The mutations in a particular viral genome can change these amino acid sequences, which further can change the structure of the protein produced by the life form.  Well, these mutations can be of 2 types - deletion and substitution. Deletions are those which cannot